Yume ga arimasu
2 verbs for existence
One for inanimate objects, one for animate beings
In Japanese, the verbs “aru” and “iru” both express existence, but they are used in different contexts based on whether the subject is an animate or inanimate entity.
| ARU | IRU | |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary-form (aff-short) | aru | iru |
| Stem | ar | i |
| Affirmative-long form | arimasu | imasu |
| Negative-long form | arimasen | imasen |
“aru” and “iru”
“ARU”
“Aru” is used to indicate the existence of inanimate objects, things, or abstract concepts.
ringo (apple), okane (money), yume (dream)
“IRU”
“Iru” is used to indicate the existence of animate objects, living beings, or people.
hito (man), inu (dog), obake (ghost)
Words
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| yume | dream |
| jibun | myself, I |
| bijinesu | business |
| shitaidesu | want to do |
| ie | house, home |
| hoshii | want |
| okaasan | mother |
| shourai | future |
| isshoni | together |
| kurasu | live |
| kareshi | boy friend |
| kekkon | marriage |
| kekkon suru | get married |
Expressions
Satou says:
Watashi wa yume ga arimasu.
Jibun no bijinesu o shitaidesu.
Jasutinsan wa yume ga arimasuka?
Justin says:
Firipin ni ie ga hoshiidesu.
Firipin ni okaasan ga imasu.
Shourai isshoni kurashimasu.
Satou says:
Kanojo wa imasuka?
Justin says:
Imasen. Fiiripin de kekkon shimasu.
Exercise
Questions
Translate into Japanese
- Do you have money? *money (okane)
- There is a book about cats. *book about cat = book of cat *cat (neko)
- There is a cat.
Anwers
- Okane ga arimasuka?
- Neko no hon ga arimasu.
- Neko ga imasu.