Satousan wa yasashii desu
2 types of adjectives
There are two types of adjectives: i-adjectives and noun-adjectives. These two types conjugate differently. Today, we will learn about i-adjectives. Most i-adjectives are unique to the Japanese language, while most noun-adjectives are made up of Kanji characters or foreign-rooted words.
| i-adjective |
|---|
| yasashii |
| oishii |
| chiisai |
| ookii |
| takai |
| Noun-adjective |
|---|
| anzen（安全） |
| raku（楽） |
| kantan（簡単） |
| shinpuru (simple) |
| yuniiku (unique) |
い-adjective
“I-adjective” is one of the two types of adjectives that end with “i (い)”. Here, you will learn about “i-adjectives” in their statement form; you will learn about the modifier form later.
Affirmative
Ookiidesu
Add “desu” after the i-adjective to indicate that something is an adjective. For example, you can add “desu” after “ookii” to say “it is big.”
Negative
Ookikunaidesu
Change the last “i (い)” to “ku” and add “naidesu” to indicate that something is not an adjective. You can also add “arimasen” instead of “naidesu”. For example, you can add “naidesu” after “ookiku” to state that it is not big.
Words
| Word (pronunciation) | Meaning |
|---|---|
| shoppai) | salty |
| amai | sweet |
| karai | hot |
| kore | this: used as noun |
| kono | this: used as adjective |
| hito | person, man |
| toogarashi | chili |
| yasashii | kind, tender |
| kowai | scary, fearful |
| yasui | cheap |
| takai | expensive, high |
| biru | building |
| fujisan | Mt. Fuji |
Expressions
Korewa satoo desu. Satoowa amai desu. (This is sugar. Sugar is sweet.)
Korewa shio desu. Shiowa shoppai desu. (This is salt. Salt is salty.)
Korewa toogarashi desu. Toogarashiwa karai desu. (That is chili. Chili is hot.)
Jasutinsanwa yasashii desu. (This man is kind.)
Kono panwa oishii desu. (This bread tastes good.)
Kono satoowa amaku naidesu. (This sugar is not sweet.)
Kono shiowa shoppaku naidesu. (This salt is not salty.)
Kono toogarashiwa karaku naidesu. (This chili is not hot.)
Kono hitowa yasashiku naidesu. (This man is not kind.)
Kono panwa oishiku naidesu. (This bread does not taste good.)
Jasutinsanwa kowaku naidesu. (Justin is not scary.)
Satoowa yasuku naidesu. (Sugar is not cheap.)
Fujisanwa takai desu. (Mt. Fuji is high.)
Kono biruwa takaku naidesu. (This building is not high.)
Exercises
Questions
- Yuukisan wa ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿desu. (Yuuki is kind.)
- Jasutinsan wa _________________________desu. (Justin is scary.)
- __________________________________________desu. (Salt is salty.)
- Satou wa ____________________________________. (Sugar is sweet.)
- Yuukisan wa __________________________________desu. (Yuuki is not kind.)
- Jasutinsan wa __________________________________desu. (Justin is not scary.)
- _________________________________________________desu. (Salt is not cheap.)
- Satou wa ____________________________________________. (Sugar is not expensive.)
Answers
- yasashii
- kowai
- shio wa shoppai
- amaidesu
- yasashikunai
- kowakunai
- shio wa yasukunai
- takakunai