Firipin e ikimasu
In this lesson, we will delve into particles that enhance the richness of sentence expression: “O” and “E”. These particles play crucial roles in Japanese grammar, indicating the direct object and direction or destination, respectively.
| WA | GA | O | NI | E | DE | NO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Topic | subject | object | point | direction | place, instrumental | ‘s, of |
Particles
“O”
In Japanese grammar, “O” serves as a particle that marks the direct object in a sentence. It is essential for indicating what receives the action of the verb. For example, in the sentence “ringo o tabemasu”, “o” is used to indicate that “apple” (ringo) is the object being eaten.
Ringo o tabemasu. (eat an apple)
Osake o nomimasu. (drink alcohol)
Okane o haraimasu. (pay money)
Toiretto peepaa o kaemasu. (change a toilet paper)
Denwa o shimasu. (call = do telephone)
Terebi o mimasu. (watch TV)
“E”
The particle “E” is used to indicate direction towards a place, and it is typically translated as “to” in English. It signifies the destination or direction of movement. For example, in the sentence “Tookyoo e ikimasu”, “e” indicates that the direction of movement is towards Tokyo, translating to “I am going to Tokyo.”
Tookyoo e ikimasu. (go to Tokyo)
Tegami o gaikoku e okurimasu. (send a letter to a foreign country)
Satousan e okane o watashimasu. (hand money to Mr. Sato)
Kuukou e idoushimasu. (move to an airport)
Words
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| shigoto | work |
| shiteimasu | do (as a work) |
| kuruma | car |
| boueki | trade |
| yushutsu shiteimasu | export |
| yunyuu shiteimasu | import |
| tokidoki | sometimes |
| toki | when |
| shucchou shimasu | go on a business trip |
| shokuhin | food |
| mo | too, also |
| yoku | often |
| kondo | next time |
| okashi | sweets |
| kudasai | please give me |
Expressions
Justin says:
Satousan wa nanno shigoto o shiteimasuka?
Satou says:
Watashi no shigoto wa kuruma no boueki desu.
Nihon no kuruma o gaikoku e yushutsu shiteimasu. Gaikoku e tokidoki shucchou shimasu.
Jasutinsan no shigoto wa nandesuka?
Justin says:
Watashi (no shigoto) wa nihon no shokuhin no yushutsu desu.
Watashi mo firipin e yoku ikimasu.
Satou says:
Jaa, kondo firipin no okashi o kudasai.
Exercise
Questions
Translate into Japanese
- I eat fish. *eat (taberu), fish (sakana)
- Mr. Suzuki uses this app. *use (tsukau), app (apuri)
- Do you go to India? *go (iku), India (indo)
Answers
- (Watashi wa) sakana o tabemasu.
- Suzukisan wa kono apuri o tsukaimasu.
- Indo e ikimasuka?